Ibicuruzwa byo mu bwoko bwa Aerosol bimaze kumenyekana cyane kubera kuborohereza, gukora neza, no gukoresha ibintu byinshi mu nganda nko kwisiga, gusukura ingo, kwita ku modoka, n'ibindi. Ikoranabuhanga rya aerosol rishobora guhera mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. Nyuma yikinyejana kirenga cyiterambere, cyarushijeho gukura. Nyamara, abantu benshi ntibaramenya byinshi kubijyanye namahame nuburyo bwo gukora aerosole.
Iyi blog izamenyekanisha byimazeyo ibihimbano, igishushanyo mbonera, uburyo bwo gukora nibikoresho byibikoresho bya spray ya aerosol kugirango bifashe abasomyi kumva neza ubu buhanga bugezweho.
Ikirere ni iki?
Ibisobanuro bya aerosol
Aerosol ni uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza colloidal igizwe n'amazi cyangwa ibice bikomeye bikwirakwizwa kimwe muburyo bwa gaze. Ukurikije uko icyiciro cyatatanye, aerosole irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: aerosole yamazi na aerosole ikomeye. Amazi ya aerosol ni ubwoko bukunze kugaragara, nka udukoko twica udukoko, deodorant, nibindi.; aerosol ikomeye ikoreshwa cyane mubifuniko byifu, ibikoresho byumuriro wumuriro wumuriro nindi mirima.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya aerosole
Size Ingano ntoya: Diameter yibice bya aerosol mubusanzwe iba hagati ya 0.1-100 mm, ishobora guhagarikwa mukirere igihe kirekire kugirango ikore colloid ihamye. Gutoya ibice, nini hejuru yubuso kandi nigikorwa cyibikorwa byinshi.
Disp Gutatanya neza: Ibice bya aerosol bikwirakwizwa mu buryo bwa gaze kandi ntibyoroshye kwegeranya cyangwa gutura. Ibi biterwa numuriro wa electrostatike hejuru yibice hamwe ninshingano za surfactants, zishobora gukora sisitemu ihamye.
Igenzurwa: binyuze muguhindura amajwi na valve, urashobora kugenzura neza ingano ya spray ya aerosol hamwe nurwego rwa atomisation. Ibishushanyo bitandukanye bya nozzle birashobora kubona ingaruka zitandukanye za atomisiyonike, nk'igihu kimeze nka cone, igihu kimeze nk'abafana.
Imiterere yihariye ya aerosol kuburyo ifite ibyiza bidasubirwaho mubice byinshi. Kurugero, imiti yica udukoko twa aerosol irashobora gupfukirana ubuso bwibihingwa, kunoza imikorere yibiyobyabwenge; amavuta ya aerosol arashobora kwinjira mumurongo wibice bya mashini, gukina amavuta meza; imiti yimiti ya aerosol irashobora kugezwa muburyo bwubuhumekero, kugirango imiti igere.
Inteko ya spray ya aerosol
Igicuruzwa cyuzuye cya aerosol gisanzwe kigizwe nibice bine byingenzi: kontineri, valve, nozzle na moteri. Barafatanya kugirango bamenye ibikorwa byo kubika, gutera inshinge na atomisation ya aerosol.
Ibikoresho
Guhitamo ibikoresho no gushushanya ibikoresho bya aerosol bigomba kuzirikana imbaraga za mashini, kurwanya umuvuduko, kurwanya ruswa nibindi bisabwa. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa birimo aluminiyumu, ibyuma bidafite ingese, icyuma gikozwe mu mabati, n'ibindi. ibikoresho by'ibyuma bifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi birashobora kuzuzwa inshuro nyinshi, bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda.
Imiterere nubunini bwibikoresho biratandukanye, nka silindrike na elliptique, kandi ubushobozi buva kuri mililitiro nkeya kugeza kuri mililitiro magana. Kugirango tunonosore imbaraga za kontineri, kurambura, kuzunguruka nubundi buryo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gukora imbavu zizunguruka cyangwa izunguruka ku rukuta.
Agaciro
Umuyoboro nigice cyingenzi cyo kugenzura isohoka rya aerosol. Ihujwe neza na kontineri ikoresheje inzira yo gukanda kandi igafatanya na nozzle kugenzura inshinge za aerosol. Imiterere nibikoresho bya valve bisaba neza kugirango ushireho kashe hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwa aerosol valve ni:
V Umuyoboro uhoraho: ubwoko bworoshye kandi bukunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwa valve, bufungura iyo nozzle ikanda hanyuma igafunga iyo irekuwe, kandi aerosol ikomeza gusukwa.
● Metering valve: Igihe cyose kanda kanda, gusa hasohotse gusa igipimo cyateganijwe cya aerosol, gikwiranye nigihe nko kunywa ingano. Igipimo cyo gupima kimenya imikorere yo gupima binyuze mubufatanye bwamasoko na piston.
Val Umuhengeri utagira umukungugu: Igice cya firime gitangwa kuri valve kugirango wirinde ibintu by’amahanga kwinjira no kugira isuku ibirimo. Mugihe ukoresha, banza utobore firime hamwe na nozzle, hanyuma utere.
Imyanda yakozwe na Weijing ikozwe mu bikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bidafite ibyuma, bifite ubuso bunoze kandi birwanya ruswa. Tekinoroji yo gutunganya neza ituma kashe no gufungura no gufunga ibintu byoroshye. Turashobora gutanga ubwoko butandukanye bwa valve dukurikije ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Nozzle na spray igifuniko
Igifuniko cya nozzle na spray nibice bisohoka bya aerosol, kandi igishushanyo cyacyo kigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye ubwiza bwa atomisation hamwe nicyerekezo cya spray. Ubusanzwe nozzle ifite ibikoresho byizunguruka cyangwa buri mwaka, ikoresha ingaruka za Venturi kugirango yihutishe aerosol kandi igere kuri atomisiyasi isohoka. Imiterere nubunini bwo gufungura nozzle birashobora guhindura ingano yubunini no gukwirakwiza ibitonyanga.
Umuti wa spray utanga umukungugu no kwangiza kurinda nozzle kandi urashobora kuyobora icyerekezo cya spray ya aerosol. Bimwe mu bidasanzwe byo gutera spray nabyo bifite imirimo yinyongera nko kwagura inkoni ya spray no guhindura inguni ya spray kugirango ihuze ibisabwa bitandukanye.
Weijing yateje imbere ubuhanga bwa nozzle nubuhanga bwo gukora, kandi irashobora guhuza ibintu bitandukanye byerekana nozz hamwe na spray caps ukurikije ibiranga ibicuruzwa. Binyuze mu kwigana CFD no kugerageza gukora neza, ibicuruzwa byacu birashobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza ya atomisiyasi.
Umuyoboro
Icyuma nikintu cyingenzi gitanga imbaraga zo gutera aerosol. Irahari mumazi cyangwa gaze muburyo bwa kontineri kandi ihora ihumeka mugihe cyo gukoresha kugirango itange igitutu gihoraho cyo gusohora ibirimo.
Imashini ikoreshwa cyane irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri:
gaze ya lisukari: ku bushyuhe bwicyumba muburyo bwamazi muri kontineri, gukoresha gaze kugirango itange igitutu. Ibyuka bya gazi isanzwe irimo propane, isobutane, dioxyde de carbone, nibindi.
gazi isunitswe: mubushyuhe bwicyumba ni gaze, igomba gukandamizwa muri kontineri mbere yo kuyikoresha. Ibyuka bya gaze isanzwe irimo azote n'umwuka uhumeka.
Guhitamo moteri ikeneye gusuzuma guhuza nibirimo, igitutu gisabwa, ingaruka za atomisation nibindi bintu. Byongeye kandi, icyogajuru kigomba kandi kuba cyujuje kurengera ibidukikije, umutekano n’ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo bigenzurwe, nko kudasenya igiti cya ozone, kidafite uburozi kandi kitagira ingaruka.
Ibicuruzwa bya Weijjing bikoresha igisekuru gishya cy’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, nka hydrofluoroolefin (HFO), biruta hydrofluorocarbone (HFCs) mu bijyanye n’imikorere, kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, bijyanye n’ibisabwa n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga.
Uburyo bwo gukora indege
Umusaruro wa aerosol ni inzira isobanutse kandi itondekanye irimo gutegura ibikoresho, kuzuza amazi, gukanda valve, ifaranga no gufunga, kugerageza ibicuruzwa nandi masano. Buri muhuza ufite uburyo bukomeye bwo gukora hamwe nibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge kugirango hamenyekane umutekano n'umutekano wibicuruzwa.
Gutegura ibikoresho
Ibikoresho bya aerosol bigomba gutunganywa neza kandi bigasukurwa mbere yo kubikoresha kugirango bikureho umwanda nkamavuta na okiside, kunoza igifuniko cyo gutwikira no kurwanya ruswa. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura hejuru ni:
Gutesha agaciro: Koresha gukaraba alkaline, gukaraba solvent hamwe nubundi buryo kugirango ukureho amavuta, ibikumwe byintoki nibindi bihumanya hejuru yikintu.
Gukuraho ingese: Koresha aside yoza, kumena umucanga nubundi buryo kugirango ukureho ingese, igipimo cya oxyde nizindi ngese hejuru yikintu.
Imiterere yimiti: Kora firime yuzuye ya oxyde cyangwa firime ya fosifati hejuru yikintu kugirango urusheho gukomera no kwangirika kwifuniko.
Igikoresho cyavuwe kigomba gusukurwa mubyiciro byinshi n'amazi ya deioniyo cyangwa amazi meza, hanyuma akumishwa kugirango akoreshwe neza. Isosiyete yacu ikoresha umurongo wogusukura wuzuye, ibipimo byigikorwa birashobora kugenzurwa neza, kandi ingaruka zogusukura zirahamye kandi zizewe.
Kuzuza amazi
Kuzuza amazi ya aerosol yateguwe muri kontineri ni inzira y'ingenzi. Ukuri no guhuzagurika kumafaranga yuzuye bigira ingaruka nziza kubicuruzwa. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuzuza ni:
Kuzuza igitutu: Koresha gaze ifunitse (nka azote) kugirango ukande amazi muri kontineri, ibereye amazi afite ubukonje buke.
Kuzuza pompe yuzuye: Koresha pompe zipima nka pompe pompe na pompe za pompe kugirango usohore urugero rwamazi rwamazi buri gihe, rukwiranye namazi afite ububobere bwinshi.
Gupima gupima: Igihe nyacyo cyo gupima mugihe cyo kuzuza, no kugenzura umubare wuzuye ukurikije ibitekerezo byuburemere, bikwiranye numusaruro mwinshi.
Wejing yuzuye yuzuza umurongo ikoresha pompe ya servo itwarwa na metero yuzuye yuzuye ± 1% kandi ikora neza kugeza kumabati 120 kumunota. Igikorwa cyo kuzuza gikorerwa mucyumba gisukuye kugirango barebe ko amazi atanduye.
Imashini yuzuza mu buryo bwikora
Valve gukanda no guta agaciro
Nyuma yo kuzuza, inteko ya valve igomba gukanda kuri kontineri hanyuma moteri ikuzuzwa muri kontineri binyuze muri valve. Kanda ya Valve nuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwa mehaniki, busaba coaxiality ya valve numunwa wa kontineri hamwe no gukwirakwiza igitutu kimwe kugirango ikore neza.
Igikorwa cyo guta agaciro kigomba kugenzura umubare wuzuye nigitutu cya moteri kugirango yuzuze ibisabwa. Irinde guhinduranya amazi na gaze kurenza urugero mugihe cy'ifaranga, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka kubicuruzwa. Nyuma yo guta agaciro kwifaranga, harasabwa kandi gupima ubukana bwikirere kugirango hatagira ingaruka ziva.
Weijing ikoresha imashini zifata umuvuduko mwinshi zitumizwa mu mahanga hamwe na inflators kugirango ikurikirane ingufu n’umuvuduko w’ifaranga rya buri kontineri kumurongo kugirango harebwe niba umusaruro uhoraho.
Kugerageza ibicuruzwa
Ibicuruzwa bya aerosol bigomba gukorerwa igenzura ryujuje ubuziranenge mbere yo kuva mu ruganda kugirango umutekano wabyo, bikore neza kandi bihamye.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byagenzuwe birimo:
Igenzura ryibigaragara: reba neza ibicuruzwa bigaragara nkibicuruzwa, gucapa, guhindura, ingese, nibindi, hanyuma ukoreshe ibikoresho kugirango umenye niba ibipimo byingenzi byujuje ibisabwa.
Ikizamini cyo gupima: gupima buri aerosol kumurongo kugirango umenye niba amafaranga yuzuye ari murwego rwo kwihanganira. Gupima mubisanzwe bikoresha igipimo cya elegitoroniki yuzuye, kandi amakuru ahita yandikwa kandi agasesengurwa.
Ikizamini cyo gukora spray: Ikigereranyo cyikigereranyo cya aerosol atomisiyoneri nziza, inguni ya spray, umuvuduko wikigereranyo nibindi bipimo byerekana imikorere, isesengura ry'ubunini bwa laser, kamera yihuta nubundi buryo.
Ikizamini cyo gukomera kwikirere: Koresha uburyo bwo kwibiza mumazi, uburyo bwa bubble nubundi buryo kugirango ugenzure imikorere ya kashe ya aerosol kugirango urebe ko itazatemba mugihe cyo kubika no gukoresha.
Ikizamini cyumuvuduko wimbere: Koresha igipimo cyumuvuduko kugirango upime ihinduka ryumuvuduko wimbere wa aerosol mubushyuhe butandukanye kugirango umenye niba byujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano.
Isesengura ryibintu bifatika: Koresha gazi chromatografiya, imikorere ya chromatografiya ikora cyane nubundi buryo bwo gusesengura kugirango umenye niba ibikubiye mubintu bikora muri aerosol byujuje ibisabwa.
Weijing ifite laboratoire yubugenzuzi yumwuga ifite ibikoresho nibikoresho byipimishije bigezweho, bishobora gukora ibizamini byuzuye byumubiri nubumara kubicuruzwa. Twashyizeho kandi uburyo bwuzuye bwo gucunga neza, kandi dushyira mubikorwa ubugenzuzi bwinshi nko kugenzura bwa mbere, kugenzura irondo, no kugenzura ku buryo butunguranye inzira zingenzi kugira ngo buri cyiciro cy'ibicuruzwa cyujuje ibisabwa bisanzwe.
Gupakira ibicuruzwa byanyuma
Ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa bya aerosol bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso, kode, agasanduku, agasanduku hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gupakira kubika, gutwara no kugurisha. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupakira bigomba kuzirikana ibiranga ibicuruzwa nibisabwa kurinda, nkumucyo, ubushuhe, ihungabana nibindi.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge mu musaruro wa Aerosol
Nkubwato bwumuvuduko, ubwiza numutekano wibicuruzwa bya aerosol bifitanye isano itaziguye numutekano bwite numutungo wabaguzi. Kubwibyo, umusaruro wa aerosol ugomba gushyira mubikorwa kugenzura neza kandi gukomeye, bikubiyemo inzira zose ziva mubikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byarangiye. Ingamba zingenzi zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zirimo:
Imicungire yabatanga isoko: Isuzuma ryujuje ibisabwa hamwe nisuzuma ryimikorere yabatanga ibikoresho fatizo, ibikoresho byingoboka, ibikoresho byo gupakira, nibindi kugirango habeho gutanga mugihe cyiza kandi gihamye.
Igenzura ryibikorwa: Gutegura uburyo bwo gukora no kugenzura gahunda zingenzi, gushyira mubikorwa ubugenzuzi bwinshi nko kwisuzumisha, kugenzura, no kugenzura bidasanzwe, no kuvumbura mugihe no gukosora gutandukana.
Gucunga ibikoresho: Guhora uhinduranya kandi ukabuza kubungabunga ibikoresho byakozwe kugirango harebwe niba ukuri, umutekano hamwe n’imikorere y’umutekano byujuje ibisabwa.
Amahugurwa y'abakozi: Kora amahugurwa abanziriza akazi no gusuzuma buri gihe kubakoresha n'abagenzuzi mu myanya itandukanye kugirango bongere ubumenyi bwabo n'ubumenyi bwo gukora.
Kurekura ibicuruzwa: Kora inyandiko zerekana umusaruro, gusesengura amakuru, gutoranya ibicuruzwa nubundi bugenzuzi bwo gusohora kuri buri cyiciro cyibicuruzwa, kandi wemeze ko byujuje ubuziranenge mbere yo kuva mu ruganda.
Serivise y'abakiriya: Gushiraho uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo byabakiriya hamwe nuburyo bwo kwibuka ibicuruzwa, subiza ibitekerezo byabakiriya mugihe gikwiye, kandi uhore utezimbere ibicuruzwa na serivise nziza.
Umwanzuro
Nkibikoresho byo gukora ibicuruzwa bya aerosol, ibikoresho byuzuza aerosol ahanini bigena ubwiza nigiciro cyibicuruzwa. Guhitamo ibikoresho byumwuga kandi byizewe bitanga ibikoresho bya aerosol nimwe mubyemezo byingenzi bya banyiri marike. Abatanga ibikoresho byumwuga ntibashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge gusa, ahubwo banatanga ubufasha bwuzuye bwa tekiniki na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha kugirango bafashe abakiriya kunoza imikorere yumusaruro, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, kugirango bagaragare mumarushanwa akomeye ku isoko.
Nkuruganda rukora ibikoresho bya aerosol byimbere mu gihugu, Wejing izakomeza gukurikirana indashyikirwa, ireba abakiriya, ikomeze guhanga udushya, kandi igire uruhare mu iterambere ryinganda za aerosol. Dutegereje kuzakorana amaboko hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa benshi kugirango ejo hazaza heza!
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Ikirere ni iki?
Igisubizo: Aerosol ni uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza colloidal igizwe nibice byamazi cyangwa bikomeye bikwirakwizwa kimwe murwego rwa gaze. Ukurikije uko icyiciro cyatatanye, aerosole irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: aerosole yamazi na aerosole ikomeye.
Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe bwoko busanzwe bwa valve ya aerosol?
Igisubizo: Ubwoko bwa aerosol busanzwe burimo indangagaciro zihoraho, ibipimo byapima, hamwe nindabyo zitagira umukungugu. Imyanya ikomeza nubwoko bworoshye kandi bukunze gukoreshwa; ibipimo byo gupima bikwiranye no kugereranya ingano; umukungugu utagira umukungugu ufite firime ikingira kuri valve kugirango ibuze ibintu byamahanga kwinjira.
Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe butumwa nyamukuru mubikorwa byo gukora aerosol?
Igisubizo: Ihuriro nyamukuru mubikorwa bya aerosol harimo gutegura kontineri, kuzuza amazi, gukanda valve no guta agaciro, gupima ibicuruzwa, no gupakira ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Muri byo, gutegura kontineri, kuzuza amazi, no gukanda valve no guta agaciro ni inzira zingenzi zigira ingaruka nziza kubicuruzwa.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge mu musaruro wa aerosol?
Igisubizo: Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge mu musaruro wa aerosol zirimo imicungire yabatanga isoko, kugenzura ibikorwa, gucunga ibikoresho, guhugura abakozi, kurekura ibicuruzwa na serivisi zabakiriya. Binyuze mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bwuzuye kandi bukomeye, menya umutekano wibicuruzwa, gukora neza no gutuza.
Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa moteri ya aerosol ihari?
Igisubizo: Imashini ya aerosol irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: gaze ya lisansi na gaze isunitswe. Gazi isukuye ibaho mumazi mubikoresho byubushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi ikoresha gazi kugirango itange igitutu; gazi isunitswe ni gaze mubushyuhe bwicyumba kandi igomba gukandamizwa no kuzuzwa muri kontineri mbere yo kuyikoresha.
