Inganda zipakira zirahura nigitutu gikomeye cyubuyobozi muri iki gihe. Abategetsi b'isi barimo gukuraho cyane GWP (Global Warming Potential) hamwe na VOC (Volatile Organic Compound). Ababikora ntibagishoboye kwishingikiriza cyane kumahitamo gakondo nka HFCs na LPG. Ukeneye ubundi buryo busukuye, bwujuje ibisabwa kugirango ukomeze guhatanira isoko rihinduka.
Imyuka ya inert ihumeka itanga igisubizo gifatika. Azote (N2) igizwe na 78% by'ikirere cy'isi. Itanga umuriro udashya, udasanzwe, kandi uteganijwe ningengo yimari ya an aerosol irashobora . Mugukoresha ibikoresho byinshi, ibirango birashobora kugabanya cyane ibidukikije.
Ariko, ntushobora guhinduranya imyuka gusa utiteguye. Guhinduranya biva mumashanyarazi bigasunikwa kuri Azote isaba guhindurwa neza mubuhanga. Aka gatabo kapakurura inyungu za chimique, guhinduranya imikorere, hamwe no kugurisha ibicuruzwa ugomba gutekereza. Uzamenya neza uburyo bwo kumenya niba N2 ijyanye nibicuruzwa bikurikiraho nuburyo bwo kubishyira mubikorwa neza.
Ibyingenzi
Kubahiriza & Umutekano: N2 ntabwo yaka rwose, ntabwo ari uburozi, kandi itanga zeru zeru, bikuraho ibikenerwa remezo bihenze, biturika-biturika 'inzu ya gaze '.
Imiti ihamye: Nka gaze ya inert, Nitrogen ntabwo ikora nibintu bikora, bigatuma iba nziza kubuvuzi bworoshye, kwisiga, hamwe n’amazi.
Ikiguzi Cyiza: Azote isaba ingano ntoya kuri aerosol irashobora (akenshi 0% kugeza 0,6% kuburemere), bigatuma igiciro cya moteri gikwiye.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Ukuri: Bitandukanye na gaze zamazi, N2 ihura nigabanuka ryumuvuduko mugihe cyo gukoresha (kugengwa n amategeko ya Boyle). Kwemerwa neza bisaba guhindura ibipimo byuzuye (mubisanzwe 55% - 60%) no gukoresha Bag-kuri-Valve (BOV) cyangwa tekinoroji yihariye ikora.
1. Urubanza rwibikorwa byubucuruzi: Kubahiriza no gukora neza
Guhindura Nitrogen bikubiyemo ibirenze guhindura formulaire. Ihindura muburyo ukoresha imikorere yawe no gucunga ingaruka zigihe kirekire. Abafata ibyemezo bagomba kureba ibikorwa remezo byikigo, imigendekere yubuyobozi, nubukungu bwibanze.
Kurandura CapEx kubikorwa remezo byumutekano
Gakondo LPG isaba ibidukikije bikora neza. Ibikoresho bigomba kubaka ibisasu biturika 'amazu ya gaze ' kugirango ubike kandi ukoreshe moteri yaka umuriro. Ibi byumba kabuhariwe bisaba amafaranga yo kubaka. Bakenera guhumeka neza, inkuta ziturika, hamwe nibikoresho byihariye byamashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, amafaranga yubwishingizi yo gukoresha imyuka yaka umuriro akomeza kuba hejuru.
Azote ikuraho iyo mitwaro iremereye. N2 ntabwo rwose yaka. Urashobora kuyivoma neza mubigega bisanzwe bibikwa mumurongo wuzuye. Ibikoresho bimwe ndetse bikoresha na moteri ya azote kugirango itange umurongo mu buryo butaziguye. Ibi byoroshya imiterere yikigo cyawe kandi bigabanya cyane ibikorwa remezo.
Kugenzura ejo hazaza-Kugaragaza
Amabwiriza y’ibidukikije ateganya ejo hazaza. Abagenzuzi ku isi bagabanya cyane imyuka ya hydrocarubone. Bahana kandi ikoreshwa rya gaze-GWP. Ibicuruzwa bihura nintambara zihoraho zo kubahiriza niba zifatiye kumurage.
N2 itanga umwirondoro wa karubone rwose. Itanga zeru VOC. Mugukoresha Nitrogen ubungubu, uzerekana ejo hazaza ibicuruzwa byawe birwanya amategeko abuza. Ntuzongera kuvugurura ibicuruzwa byawe mugihe amategeko mashya y’ibidukikije atowe.
Ubukungu Bwamamaza
Ababikora akenshi bahangayikishijwe nigiciro cyo kuzamura ibikoresho byabo. Igicuruzwa cyakozwe na gaze isunitswe gishobora gukenera amabati manini. Irashobora gusaba indangagaciro kabuhariwe cyangwa gukanika imashini. Ariko, usubizamo ibiciro byihuse ukoresheje gaze ubwayo.
Igiciro cya Azote ni gito cyane. Ukeneye agace gato ka gaze kugirango ukoreshe sisitemu. Akenshi, Azote igizwe munsi ya 1% yuburemere bwibicuruzwa byose. Uyu munota wamafaranga utanga imbaraga zihagije zo kwimura amazi. Kurenga miriyoni yibice, kuzigama kumafaranga mbisi bigenda byiyongera cyane.
Abatwara Ingamba zo Kwakira N2
Kugabanuka ako kanya amafaranga yubwishingizi ajyanye nibyago.
Impanuka zeru zo kurenga imipaka y’imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Kugabanuka gukabije ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa kuri buri gice cyuzuye.
Gukoresha ibikoresho byoroshye no kubika ibikoresho.
2. Ibyiza Byumubiri na Himiki
Ba injeniyeri ba formulaire baha agaciro Azote imyitwarire yayo iteganijwe. Iyo uvanze imiti, ushaka icyuma gisunika ibicuruzwa, ntibihindure. N2 itanga ubwigenge butagereranywa bwumubiri na chimique.
Ubudahangarwa bwimiti
Imashini nyinshi zikorana nibicuruzwa. Dimethyl Ether (DME) ishonga muburyo bushingiye kumazi. Dioxyde de Carbone (CO2) irashobora guhindura pH yibicuruzwa cyangwa igakora mugihe runaka. Azote yitwara ukundi.
N2 ntishonga mubicuruzwa. Ntabwo ihindura formulaire. Ikomeza gutandukana kumubiri nibintu byawe byamazi. Ubu busembwa bwuzuye butanga ubusugire bwamazi yimiti. Irinda kandi emulisiyo yoroshye mumavuta yo kwisiga yohejuru. Inzira yawe igumaho neza nkuko wabiteguye.
Ubushyuhe budasanzwe
Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe itera ingaruka zikomeye kubintu byotswa igitutu. Imyuka iraguka iyo ishyushye, ikongera umuvuduko wimbere. Iyi myitwarire yumubiri igengwa n amategeko ya Charles. Azote yerekana umuvuduko muke mugihe uhuye nubushyuhe.
Mugihe cyo gupima amazi ashyushye asanzwe, umuvuduko wa N2 uzamuka gusa. Gereranya ibi na Isobutane, yaguka bikabije munsi yubushyuhe. Isobutane irashobora gutera amabati asanzwe guhinduka cyangwa guturika mubushyuhe bwinshi. Azote igabanya cyane izo ngaruka ziturika, itanga umutekano mugari mugihe cyo kohereza no kubika.
Impumuro nziza kandi idafite ibara
Ibiranga ubwitonzi bwihariye biranga uburambe. Abaguzi biteze impumuro yihariye nigaragara kuva amavuta yo kwisiga, serumu, na spray. Umuyaga ugomba kuguma utagaragara.
N2 itangiza impumuro zamahanga. Ntabwo itera impinduka ziboneka kubicuruzwa byatanzwe nyuma. Iyi miterere idafite impumuro nziza kandi idafite ibara nikintu gikomeye gisabwa kumurongo wambere. Abaguzi bahura gusa na formula yawe yakozwe neza, nta miti nyuma yo kunuka.
Imyitozo myiza yo guhuza ibitekerezo:
Kora ibizamini byibanze byibanze nta moteri ubanza, hanyuma ugereranye na N2 yuzuye icyitegererezo.
Kurikirana urwego pH muminsi 90 yihuta yikizamini kugirango wemeze ubudahangarwa bwuzuye.
Gerageza imipaka yo kwagura ubushyuhe ukoresheje ibipimo bya DOT byashyizwe ahagaragara kugirango wandike umutekano.
3. Kurangiza-Umukoresha Inararibonye hamwe na Porogaramu
Inzira nini ntacyo ivuze niba umuguzi yanze kuyikoresha. Azote ihindura uburambe bwo gutanga. Irahindura uburyo ibicuruzwa byumvikana, byiyumva, kandi bigatanga.
Gutanga bucece
Imyuka ya gazi isanzwe irasakuza. LPG itanga urusaku rukaze, rukaze iyo rutanzwe. Uru rusaku rushobora gutangaza abakoresha cyangwa inyamaswa. Azote ikemura iki kibazo burundu.
N2 itanga spray ituje bidasanzwe. Kurekura neza gazi ya compression yunvikana kandi nziza. Uku gutanga bucece ni byiza cyane kumasoko yihariye. Ibicuruzwa byita ku matungo hamwe nubuvuzi bwamatungo byunguka cyane. Inyamaswa ntizizunguruka mugihe cyo gusaba. Irasaba kandi ibyiyumvo byamavuta yo kwisiga ishakisha uburambe bwabakoresha batuje.
Gukorana na Barrière Sisitemu
Azote ikora neza hamwe na sisitemu yo gupakira. Nibikorwa byinganda kuri sisitemu ya Bag-kuri-Valve (BOV). Muri iyi porogaramu, amazi yicaye imbere mumufuka woroshye. N2 iruhukiye hagati yumufuka nurukuta.
Iyo umukoresha akanda kuri moteri, gaze ikanda igikapu. Ibicuruzwa bisohoka neza. Gazi ntishobora gukora ku mazi. Sisitemu iratunganijwe neza kuri saline yamazuru, geles yogosha, hamwe nizuba rihoraho. Urabona hafi-kwimura ibicuruzwa byose nta gazi yanduye.
Ibyiciro byubuvuzi nubuvuzi
Inganda zimiti zisaba amahame akomeye yumutekano. Gazi iyo ari yo yose ikoreshwa mubikoresho byubuvuzi igomba gutsinda uburozi bukabije. Azote nziza cyane muri ibi bidukikije.
N2 izwi cyane nkumutekano kandi idatera uburakari. Ifite imiterere ijyanye no gukoresha imiti ikoreshwa neza. Yujuje amahame akomeye yubuzima n’umutekano bitagoranye. Ibidandazwa birashobora kwizigira Azote mu gukaraba ibikomere, gusasa, no kuvura dermatologiya.
Imbonerahamwe ikwiranye
Icyiciro cyibicuruzwa |
Impamvu Azote iruta hano |
Gusabwa gupakira |
Veterinari |
Gutanga bucece birinda umubabaro w'inyamaswa; amata adafite uburozi. |
Agaciro gasanzwe hamwe na MBU Acuator |
Gukaraba Amazuru |
Gutandukana rwose kumubiri; zero ibyago byo guhumeka gaze. |
Umufuka-kuri-Valve (BOV) |
Amababi meza yo kuvura uruhu |
Gutanga impumuro nziza birinda impumuro nziza ya botaniki. |
BOV cyangwa Agaciro keza |
Amavuta yo Guteka |
Nta kwanduza VOC mu biryo; irinda okiside. |
Umufuka-kuri-Valve (BOV) |
4. Gukemura ibibazo byubucuruzi: Gucunga igitutu
Ihitamo ryubwubatsi ryose ririmo ubucuruzi. Azote izana umutekano mwinshi ninyungu za chimique, ariko ihindura physics yo gutanga. Ababikora bagomba gusobanukirwa no gucunga itandukaniro ryimashini kugirango batsinde.
Imyifatire yo Kwangirika
Gukorera mu mucyo ni ngombwa mugihe cyo gusuzuma moteri. Imyuka ihumanya ikomeza umuvuduko uhoraho mukomeza guhumeka nkuko amazi agabanuka. Azote ifunitse ntabwo. Bikurikiza Amategeko ya Boyle.
Mugihe umuguzi asasa ibicuruzwa, amazi ava mumasafuriya. Umwanya wumutwe imbere muri kontineri uriyongera. Kuberako ingano ya gaze yaguka, umuvuduko wimbere uragabanuka. Uku kwangirika kwumuvuduko nimbogamizi zikomeye mukurera N2. Niba bidacunzwe, uburyo bwa spray buzacika intege, nibicuruzwa bizatemba nyuma yubuzima bwayo.
Gutegura & Kuzuza ibipimo byahinduwe
Ntushobora gukoresha ibipimo byuzuye byuzuza gaze. Niba wujuje isahani kugeza 85% yubushobozi bwamazi, usiga icyumba gito cyane kuri Azote. Umuvuduko uzagabanuka vuba. Uzananirwa kwimura kontineri.
Abashinzwe gukora formulaire bagomba kugabanya uburemere bwuzuye bwamazi. Aho kugirango igipimo gisanzwe cya 85% gikoreshwa kuri LPG, sisitemu ya N2 isaba umwanya munini. Mubisanzwe bakora neza kuri 55% kugeza 60%. Iyi gazi nini itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gutera spray kugeza kumanuka wanyuma.
Kuzamura Imyuka Yambere
Kugirango wishyure amaherezo igitutu cyangirika, ugomba gutangira hejuru. Amabati ya N2 akunze kotswa igitutu hejuru murwego rwo kuzura. Imikazo yambere irashobora gushika kuri 150 psig.
Iki gisabwa kigira ingaruka kumahitamo yawe. Ntushobora gukoresha tinplate yoroheje, ihendutse. Ugomba inkomoko DOT-yujuje, umuvuduko ukabije-wuzuye. Utwo tubati twinshi turimo umutekano urimo umuvuduko mwinshi wo gutangira nta guturika cyangwa kunanirwa mugihe cyo gutwara.
Kugabanya Inversion Kumeneka
Imyitwarire y'abaguzi itangiza indi variable. Abantu bakunze gutera amabati hejuru. Mubipfunyika bisanzwe, umuyoboro wibikoresho ukuramo amazi hasi. Niba ihindagurika, valve yicaye mumufuka wa gaze.
Niba umuguzi atereye N2 isanzwe ishobora guhinduka, bazasohora gaze nziza. Azote ifunitse izacika vuba. Gazi imaze kugenda, amazi asigaye arafatwa burundu. Gukoresha tekinoroji ya BOV ikuraho iyi ukoresha-ikosa rishobora rwose. Ubundi, impamyabumenyi yihariye ya dogere 360 yemerera abakiriya gutera impande zose badatakaje moteri.
Imbonerahamwe igereranya Imbonerahamwe
Ikiranga |
Umwuka wa gazi (LPG / HFC) |
Gazi ifunitse (Azote) |
Umwirondoro |
Guhoraho kugeza ubusa |
Igitonyanga gihamye (Amategeko ya Boyle) |
Ikigereranyo Cyuzuye |
80% - 85% Amazi |
55% - 60% Amazi |
Intangiriro Yuzuza Umuvuduko |
Guciriritse (40 - 70 psig) |
Hejuru (kugeza 150 psig) |
Ingaruka zo Guhinduka |
Kwisubiraho vuba |
Gutakaza gaze yica (niba atari BOV) |
5. Ingaruka zikorwa: Guhindura umurongo wawe Wuzuza Aerosol
Ibirango byinshi bitinya ko guhinduranya moteri bisaba kubaka uruganda rushya. Ibi ni imyumvire itari yo. Kuzamura ibikorwa byawe bisaba guhindura ingamba, ntabwo byuzuye amarira.
Ibikoresho bihuza n'imiterere
Guhindura gaze ya inert ntibisaba guta imirongo yumusaruro uriho. Sisitemu isanzwe ya convoyeur, crimpers, hamwe na mashini zifata bikomeza gukora neza. Ukeneye gusa kwibanda kuri sitasiyo ya gaze.
Niba uteganya kuzamura ibyawe sisitemu yo kuzuza aerosol , urashobora guhuza N2 muguhindura cyangwa guhinduranya imitwe yuzuye. Umwuka mwinshi wuzuza usimbuza pompe gakondo. Iyo bimaze guhinduka, iyi mitwe mishya ikomeza umurongo wihuse. Urashobora kugera kubipimo byinjira bihanganye numurage wawe LPG.
Guhindura Ubwishingizi Bwiza Porotokole
Itsinda ryanyu rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge rigomba guhuza na fiziki nshya. Mu nganda zisanzwe, kugenzura-gupima kugenzura ibyuzuye. Kuberako gaze ya lisansi yongeramo misa igaragara, igipimo cyoroshye kiboneka igice kituzuye.
Azote iroroshye cyane. Ubwinshi bwa N2 mubisanzwe birashobora gupimwa. Kugenzura ibiro biba bidahwitse cyane kandi bitizewe. Ibikoresho bigomba kuva mumunzani kugirango bigenzurwe na gaze. Ugomba gushiraho ibikoresho byo gupima igitutu. Sisitemu yikora igenzura umuvuduko wimbere muri buri kintu, ikareba neza imizigo yikoreye idashingiye kuburemere.
Ibitekerezo byo kwiyuhagira
Kwipimisha umutekano ni icyuho gikomeye mubikorwa gakondo. Kwinjiza buri gice cyarangiye mumazi ashyushye bitwara imbaraga nigihe kinini. Igenzura ibimeneka kandi intege nke zirashobora kugenda.
Kuberako Azote ifite ituze ryinshi ryumuriro, amategeko akenshi arahinduka. Ababikora bagomba gusuzuma amabwiriza ya EHS (Ibidukikije, Ubuzima, n’umutekano). Ibikoresho byinshi bigezweho bisiba neza ikizamini cyamazi ashyushye kumirongo ya N2. Ahubwo, bakoresha ubundi buryo bwo kumenya mikoro. Uku gusiba kwihutisha umusaruro cyane, mugihe usonewe amategeko yihariye akoreshwa mukarere kawe.
Amakosa asanzwe tugomba kwirinda mugihe cyinzibacyuho:
Kwishingikiriza kumunzani gakondo gupima N2 yuzuye.
Kunanirwa kuzamura urwego rwumuvuduko mwinshi wagenzuwe kumurongo utanga.
Kwirengagiza gukenera imashini yihariye yo gutandukana (MBU) kugirango ifashe atomisation.
Umwanzuro
Gukoresha Azote nka moteri yerekana ubucuruzi bufatika. Ababikora bahana igitutu gihoraho cyo gutanga imyuka ya gazi kugirango umutekano utagereranywa, kubahiriza zeru VOC, nibikorwa remezo byoroheje cyane. N2 ikuraho ingaruka ziterwa no guturika, ibika ibintu byoroshye, kandi yujuje amategeko akomeye y’ibidukikije ku isi.
Inzibacyuho isaba ubuhanga bwuzuye. Ugomba kubara kubora kwangirika, guhindura ibipimo byuzuza amazi, no gushyira mubikorwa ibizamini byingutu. Nyamara, inyungu ndende mumutekano no kubahiriza amabwiriza arenze kure izo mbogamizi zambere zubuhanga.
Amatsinda yo gushiraho agomba gushyira imbere ibizamini byo guhuza ako kanya. Tangira ukoresheje pilote ukoresheje Bag-on-Valve ipakira kugirango ukureho ingaruka ziterwa nabaguzi. Gerageza gukanika imashini (MBU) kugirango umenye niba ushobora kugera kuri atomisiyo yatewe muri N2 yumuvuduko ukabije. Mugihe wimuka kuri gahunda, urashobora gutangiza ibicuruzwa bisumba ibindi, bizaza-bizaza.
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Azote (N2) irashobora gusimbuza LPG 1: 1 mumashanyarazi asanzwe?
Igisubizo: Oya. Guhinduranya bitaziguye bizavamo ibicuruzwa bituzuye. Umubare wuzuye wuzuye ugomba kugabanuka, kandi sisitemu ya actuator / valve igomba kuvugururwa kugirango ikore ingufu za gaze zifunitse.
Ikibazo: Ese azote itera ifuro mubicuruzwa?
Igisubizo: Azote ifite umuvuduko muke cyane, bivuze ko bidakunze gutera ifuro idashaka. Nyamara, ingano yumubare irashobora gushonga munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi; kwipimisha gukomeye birasabwa kumazi yorohereza ifuro.
Ikibazo: Azote ishobora guteza akaga niba aerosol ishobora gutemba?
Igisubizo: Azote rwose ntabwo ari uburozi kandi ntabwo yaka. Ikibazo cyibanze ni uko ikora nka asifike yoroheje ahantu hafunzwe cyane, hatabayeho guhumeka mugihe habaye ubwinshi bwo kubika ibintu, ariko aerosol imwe yumuguzi yamenetse irashobora guteza ingaruka zeru kubuzima.
