Imashini ya aerosol ni ibintu bitanga umuvuduko ukenewe kugirango utange ibicuruzwa bivuye mu kintu cya aerosol. Bafasha gusunika formulaire binyuze muri valve na actuator, gukora spray, igihu, ifuro, cyangwa umugezi.

Guhitamo moteri bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya spray ya aerosol, igitutu, guhuza imiterere, umutekano, hamwe nuburyo bwo kuzuza. Ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi ni moteri ya gaze ya gazi na moteri ya gaze.

Umuyoboro wa Aerosol akora iki?

Muri pake isanzwe ya aerosol, moteri ibikwa munsi yigitutu imbere muri kontineri. Iyo valve ifunguye, igitutu gisohora ibicuruzwa binyuze muri valve na actuator.

Imashini nyinshi za aerosol ni imyuka yanduye. Mubushuhe busanzwe bwububiko, burashobora kubaho nkamazi hamwe numwuka imbere mubintu byotswa igitutu. Mugihe ibicuruzwa byatanzwe, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigenda byuka byuka kugirango byuzuze umwanya wumwuka, bifasha kugumana umuvuduko mugihe moteri ikomeza.

Icyuma gishobora kandi gukora nk'igisubizo cyangwa imbaraga mu buryo bumwe. Kurugero, DME ifite imitunganyirize kandi irashobora guhuzwa nibintu bimwe na bimwe. Ariko, ibikwiranye biterwa nuburyo bwihariye bwo gupakira hamwe nibikoresho byo gupakira.

1. Ibyuka bya gaz byamazi

Imyuka ya gaz isukuye ibikwa nkamazi munsi yigitutu kandi ikabyara imyuka ifasha kotsa igitutu aerosol. Ingero zisanzwe zirimo CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, LPG, na DME.

(1) CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons)

CFC yakoreshwaga mumateka mubicuruzwa bya aerosol kubera ibimenyetso byingirakamaro byumuvuduko hamwe no gucana umuriro. Ariko, byangiza urwego rwa ozone kandi byagiye bikurwaho cyangwa bigabanywa mubikorwa byinshi no kumasoko.

(2) HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons)

HCFCs yatangijwe nkinzira zinzibacyuho kuri CFCs. Nubwo ubushobozi bwa ozone-depletion busanzwe buri hasi, burashobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere ya ozone kandi bigenzurwa na fonctionnement. Imikoreshereze yabo ya none ishingiye kubintu, kubishyira mu bikorwa, n'amabwiriza yaho.

(3) HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons)

HFCs ntabwo irimo chlorine kandi mubisanzwe ntabwo igabanya urwego rwa ozone. Bimwe byakoreshejwe mubikorwa bya aerosol bisaba igitutu cyihariye cyangwa ibiranga umuriro. Nyamara, HFC nyinshi zifite ubushobozi bwo gushyushya isi kandi zishobora gukumirwa n’ikirere.

(4) LPG (Gazi ya peteroli yamazi)

Urwego rwa Aerosol-LPG rusanzwe rurimo protane, butane, isobutane, cyangwa imvange ya gaze. Ikoreshwa cyane murugo, kwita kubantu, ibinyabiziga, ninganda za aerosol.

LPG ikunze guhitamo kuboneka, igiciro, hamwe nibishobora guhinduka. Birashya, kubwibyo gukora, gushushanya ibikoresho, ibikorwa byo kuzuza, no kubika bigomba kubara ingaruka ziterwa numuriro no guturika.

(5) DME (Dimethyl Ether)

DME ikoreshwa murwego rwurugo, kwita-muntu, hamwe ninganda za aerosol. Ifite imiterere ya solvent kandi irashobora gufasha gushonga cyangwa kuvanga nibintu bimwe na bimwe.

DME irashya. Guhuza kwayo nibicuruzwa, gutwikira ibikoresho, ibice bya valve, hamwe na kashe bigomba gusuzumwa mbere yo kubikoresha.

2.  Imashanyarazi ya gaze

Imashini isunika gaze ibikwa nka gaze mukibazo. Mubikoresho byinshi bisanzwe bya aerosol, gaze ifata umwanya hejuru yibicuruzwa.

Mugihe ibicuruzwa byatanzwe, gaze yaguka mumwanya wiyongera, bityo igitutu cya kontineri kigabanuka. Ibi birashobora gutera imikorere ya spray gucika intege nkuko kontineri irimo ubusa.

Imyuka isanzwe ifunitse ikoreshwa mubikorwa bya aerosol harimo azote, dioxyde de carbone, na argon. Okiside ya Nitrous nayo ikoreshwa mubisabwa bimwe, ariko imyitwarire yicyiciro cyayo biterwa nigitutu nubushyuhe; mubihe bisanzwe bya aerosol, irashobora kuba nka gaze ya lisansi.

(1) Azote (N₂)

Azote ni inert, gaze idacanwa ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya aerosol hamwe na sisitemu-ya-valve (BOV). Irashobora kuba nziza mugihe formulaire ikeneye kuguma itandukanye na moteri.

(2) Dioxyde de Carbone (CO₂)

Dioxyde de Carbone ikoreshwa mubikoresho byatoranijwe bya aerosol. Ntishobora gutwikwa, ariko irashobora gushonga muburyo bumwe kandi irashobora kugira ingaruka kubicuruzwa. Ihuza ryayo riterwa no gukora kandi risabwa gutanga imikorere.

(3) Argon (Ar)

Argon ni inert, gaze idacanwa ikoreshwa mubikorwa byihariye. Ntibisanzwe kuruta azote mubicuruzwa rusange bya aerosol, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo riterwa nibisabwa, imikorere, nibiciro.

(4) Oxide ya Nitrous (N₂O)

Nitrous oxyde ikoreshwa mubikorwa bimwe byihariye, harimo nibicuruzwa bijyanye nibiribwa. Imyitwarire yacyo mukibazo gitandukanye nicyuka cya gaze nka azote, kandi ntigomba gufatwa nkigishobora guhinduka na azote. Nubwo idacana ubwayo, irashobora gushyigikira gutwikwa.

3. Umwuka wa gazi na gazi isunitswe

Izi ni imyumvire rusange. Imikorere nyayo iterwa na moteri, imiterere, ubushyuhe, kontineri, valve, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga.

4. Nigute wahitamo icyogajuru cya Aerosol

Guhitamo kwimuka bigomba gushingira kubicuruzwa byuzuye bya aerosol, ntabwo gaze ubwayo. Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo:

 

l Guhuza imiterere:  Gusunika bishobora kuvanga nibicuruzwa, cyangwa bigakomeza guhuzwa bitagize ingaruka ku bwiza bwabyo?

l Gusasa imikorere:  Ese itanga igitutu gikenewe, igipimo cyo gusohora, nuburyo bwo gutera?

Igishushanyo mbonera: Igicuruzwa kizavugana na moteri, cyangwa gitandukanijwe numufuka wa BOV?

l Umutekano: Ese umuriro, igitutu, kuzuza, kubika, hamwe ningaruka zo gutwara abantu byakemuwe neza?

l Ibikoresho bya kontineri na valve:  Ibice bya paki birashobora kwihanganira igitutu kandi bigakomeza guhuzwa nibisobanuro?

l Ibisabwa kugenzurwa: Ese moteri yemewe kubicuruzwa bigenewe isoko ryisoko?

l Uburyo bwo kuzuza:  Ibicuruzwa bisaba kuzuza aerosol bisanzwe cyangwa sisitemu yo kuzuza BOV?

 

Ihitamo rya nyuma rigomba kugenzurwa hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gupima no gupakira ibicuruzwa, ukoresheje ibisobanuro bitanga isoko n'amabwiriza akurikizwa.

Umwanzuro

Imashini ya aerosol itanga umuvuduko ukenewe mugutanga ibicuruzwa bya aerosol. Imyuka ihumanya nka LPG na DME ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu isanzwe ya aerosol, mugihe imyuka ihumanye nka azote na dioxyde de carbone ikoreshwa mubikoresho byatoranijwe, harimo na sisitemu nyinshi za BOV.

Icyuma gikwirakwiza neza giterwa no gukora, gutera spray, gupakira, umutekano, kuzuza ibisabwa, namabwiriza yaho. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya gaze ya lisukiya na compression ifasha abayikora guhitamo icyuma gikwirakwiza no gukora ibicuruzwa byizewe bya aerosol.